Conserved roles of chromatin remodellers in cohesin
Apr 10, 2020 · Cohesin loading onto chromosomes requires a specialised cohesin loader complex, comprised of the Scc2 and Scc4 subunits (Ciosk et al. 2000; Gillespie and Hirano 2004). In vitro, Scc2–Scc4 loads cohesin in a DNA sequence independent manner (Murayama and Uhlmann 2014 ), whereas in vivo, cohesin is loaded at specific chromosomal locations.
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Cohesin: Functions beyond sister chromatid cohesion
abstract Faithful segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis is the cornerstone process of life. From the structure of cohesin as known to date, it is apparent that the ability of cohesin to tether distant chromosomal loci may be the key event to manifest its budding yeast cohesin loader, Scc2) was found to be deficient in
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Structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 - PubMed
The loading of cohesin onto chromatin depends on the Scc2-Scc4 complex; however, little is known about how it stimulates the cohesion-loading activity. Here we determine the large 'hook' structure of Scc2 responsible for catalysing cohesin loading. We identify key Scc2 surfaces that are crucial for cohesin loading in vivo.
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RCSB PDB - 5C6G: Structural Insights into the Scc2-Scc4
Jun 23, 2015 · The loading of cohesin onto chromosomes is catalyzed by the Scc2-Scc4 loader complex. Here, we report the crystal structure of Scc4 bound to the N terminus of Scc2 and show that Scc4 is a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) superhelix. The Scc2 N terminus adopts an extended conformation and is entrapped by the core of the Scc4 superhelix.
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A Structure-Based Mechanism for DNA Entry into the Cohesin
Aug 04, 2020 · Cohesin is a ring-shaped protein complex that topologically entraps DNA to fulfil key functions in chromosome architecture. In a multidisciplinary approach, Higashi et al. use cryo-EM and biochemical techniques to describe how ATP-fueled structural changes of the cohesin complex drive the DNA entry reaction into the cohesin ring.
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Human cohesin compacts DNA by loop extrusion
Dec 13, 2019 · The cohesin loader NIPBL remains bound to cohesin on chromosomes (26, 27) and is required for chromosome looping in cells ().We thus expressed and purified the recombinant human cohesin complex alone or bound to the C-terminal region of NIPBL (NIPBL C, residues 1163 to 2804) in insect cells (Fig. 1B and fig. S1A). Cohesin alone had low basal ATPase activity, and this activity was …
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Structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 - Europe PMC Article
Jan 01, 2017 · Structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 - Europe PMC Article - Europe PMC. FULL TEXT Abstract: The functions of cohesin are central to genome integrity, chromosome organization and transcription regulation through its prevention of 1. Europe PMCrequires Javascript to …
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The Scc2–Scc4 complex acts in sister chromatid cohesion
Aug 31, 2014 · The Scc2–Scc4 complex loads cohesin onto DNA in vitro in a sequence-independent manner 10. In vivo, the cohesin loader associates with actively transcribed genomic regions 11,12,13,14,15, but
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Conserved roles of chromatin remodellers in cohesin
Cohesin is a conserved, ring-shaped protein complex that topologically entraps DNA. This ability makes this member of the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex family a central hub of chromosome dynamics regulation. Besides its essential role in sister chromatid cohesion, cohesin shape …
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Identification of Functional Domains in the Cohesin Loader
Jun 07, 2016 · A model for the molecular mechanism of the loader requires at least three intermolecular interactions: Scc2 and Scc4, Scc2/Scc4 and cohesin, and Scc2/Scc4 and chromatin. The structure of Scc4 in the complex with Scc2 shows that the N-terminal region of Scc2 is important for Scc4 interaction (Chao et al. 2015; Hinshaw et al. 2015).Multiple contacts between the proteins were reported recently
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Crystal structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 and insight
Nov 01, 2016 · Scc2 is the most frequently mutated cohesin regulator in cohesinopathy. In this study, we report the crystal structure of a fungal Scc2 protein, which represents a high-resolution snapshot of the cohesin loader. We have identified a set of Scc2 mutations in cohesinopathy that disrupt the binding of Scc2 to the kleisin subunit of cohesin.
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New insights into cohesin loading | SpringerLink
Jun 19, 2017 · Cohesin is a conserved, ring-shaped protein complex that encircles sister chromatids and ensures correct chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. It also plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression, DNA condensation, and DNA repair through both non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Cohesins are spatiotemporally regulated by the Scc2–Scc4 …
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(PDF) Structure of the cohesin loader Scc2
Jan 06, 2017 · Here, we report the crystal structure of Chaetomium thermophilum (Ct) Scc2 and examine its interaction with cohesin. Similar to Scc3 and another Scc1-interacting cohesin regulator, precocious
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The structure of the cohesin ATPase elucidates the
Feb 17, 2020 · Abstract. Genome regulation requires control of chromosome organization by SMC–kleisin complexes. Chao, W. C. H. et al. Structure of …
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Structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 | Crick
Here we determine the large 'hook' structure of Scc2 responsible for catalysingcohesin loading. We identify key Scc2 surfaces that are crucial for cohesin loadingin vivo.With the aid of previously determined structures and homology modelling, we derivea pseudo-atomic structure of the full-length Scc2–Scc4 complex.
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Crystal structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 - Europe …
Dec 01, 2016 · Similar to Scc3 and another Scc1-interacting cohesin regulator, precocious dissociation of sisters 5 (Pds5), Scc2 consists mostly of helical repeats that fold into a hook-shaped structure. Scc2 binds to Scc1 through an N-terminal region of Scc1 that overlaps with its Pds5-binding region.
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A Role for Chromatin Remodeling in Cohesin Loading onto
Cohesin is a conserved, ring-shaped protein complex that topologically embraces DNA. Its central role in genome organization includes functions in sister chromatid cohesion, DNA repair, and transcriptional regulation. Cohesin loading onto chromosomes requires the Scc2-Scc4 cohesin loader, whose presence on chromatin in budding yeast depends on
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Structure of the cohesin loader Scc2 - NASA/ADS
The functions of cohesin are central to genome integrity, chromosome organization and transcription regulation through its prevention of premature sister-chromatid separation and the formation of DNA loops. The loading of cohesin onto chromatin depends on the Scc2-Scc4 complex; however, little is known about how it stimulates the cohesion-loading activity.
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Cryo-EM structure of the human cohesin-NIPBL-DNA complex
Cohesin is a multiprotein complex that entraps sister chromatids for chromosome segregation and regulates transcription by extruding DNA loops to shape DNA organization. Shi et al. determined the structure of human cohesin bound to the protein NIBPL, which helps load cohesin onto DNA, and DNA at medium resolution by cryo–electron microscopy.
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A Structure-Based Mechanism for DNA Entry into the Cohesin
Sep 17, 2020 · A U-shaped density was apparent as part of the core, reminiscent of the Scc2 cohesin loader subunit (Chao et al., 2017; Kikuchi et al., 2016). Other cohesin components and the DNA were harder to assign. Download : Download high-res image (3MB) Download : Download full-size image; Figure 2. Overview Structure of Cohesin during Its Loading onto DNA
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